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目的:调查大学生的睡眠模式、睡眠质量及其分布情况,考察大学生睡眠状况与抑郁、焦虑的关系。方法:采用匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)、患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)及广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7),调查全国727名18～25岁在校大学生的睡眠模式、睡眠质量以及抑郁、焦虑的状况。结果:我国大学生平均入睡时间为(23:28±1:10),平均入睡延迟时间为(0:31±0:35),平均睡眠持续时间为(6.87±0.96)小时/天。大学生的PSQI总分为(6.65±3.00),其中36.1%的大学生PSQI总分超过7分。女生在PSQI睡眠效率成分得分上显著高于男生(t=-2.76,P<0.01),不同学校类型的大学生在睡眠模式及睡眠质量的多个成分上差异显著。PSQI各维度及总分均与抑郁(r=0.14～0.55,P<0.01)及焦虑(r=0.09～0.44,P<0.01)存在显著正相关,PSQI中日间功能障碍(OR抑郁=2.79,OR焦虑=2.17;P<0.01)、睡眠障碍(OR抑郁=1.71,OR焦虑=1.94;P<0.05)、睡眠持续时间(OR抑郁=1.71,P<0.01;OR焦虑=1.66,P<0.05)可以分别显著预测大学生的抑郁、焦虑。结论:我国大学生的睡眠模式普遍存在入睡晚、入睡延迟时间长、睡眠不足、睡眠效率低等问题,睡眠问题多发,且睡眠质量与抑郁、焦虑相关。提示应加强大学生的睡眠教育,提升睡眠质量。
Abstract：Objective:To investigated the severity of college students' sleep pattern and sleep quality, to explore the relations of sleep to depression and anxiety.Methods:A total of 727 college students aged 18-25 years over China were selected.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)and Generalized anxiety disorder(GAD-7)were adopted to measure the sleep pattern, sleep quality and the severity of depression and anxiety.Results:The college students' average bedtime was 23:28±1:10,the average sleep latency was 0:31±0:35,and the average sleep time was 6.87±0.96 hours/day.The average PSQI total scores was 6.65±3.00,and 36.1% participants exceeded cut-point 7.Female college students had higher scores for the component of sleep efficiency(t=-2.76,P<0.01),and significant differences were found in most component of sleep pattern and quality among students from different type schools(P<0.05).All components and total score of PSQI were significantly positively associated with depression(r=0.14～0.55,P<0.01)and anxiety(r=0.09～0.44,P<0.01).Daytime dysfunction(OR Depression=2.79,OR=2.17;P<0.01),sleep disorder(OR=1.71,OR=1.94;P<0.05)and sleep duration(OR=1.71,P<0.01;OR=1.66;P<0.05)of PSQI could respectively predict depression and anxiety ofcollege students.Conclusion:The Chinese college students' sleep quality are characterized late bedtime, long sleep latency, short sleep duration, low sleep efficiency and reported sleep problems frequently.Sleep quality was associated with depression and anxiety. Intervention programs for sleep quality in college students should be considered.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2021.04.028
中图分类号:R179;R749
引用信息:
[1]陈江媛,吴冉.大学生的睡眠质量与抑郁、焦虑的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2021,29(04):608-614.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2021.04.028.
基金信息:
上海市哲学社会科学规划教育学青年项目资助课题(编号：B1901)
2020-10-23
2020-10-23
2020-10-23