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目的：探讨积极暗示对大学生状态考试焦虑的干预效果及作用机制。方法：采用2（组别：实验组、对照组）×4（测量时间点：干预前、第1次干预后、第2次干预后、第3次干预后）混合设计。86名大学生随机分组（实验组44人、对照组42人），实验组接受积极暗示干预，对照组进行中性处理，每两周进行1次干预，共3次。多时点测量状态/特质考试焦虑、一般自我效能感及受暗示性。结果：(1)Bonferroni事后检验表明，实验组干预前状态考试焦虑得分显著高于第1次、第2次和第3次干预后得分（P<0.05），差异有统计学意义；(2)实验组的状态考试焦虑变化值、特质考试焦虑变化值显著高于对照组（t=2.771,3.369;P<0.05），差异有统计学意义；(3)特质考试焦虑变化值在组别和状态考试焦虑变化值间起完全中介作用，中介效应占比为66.43%；(4)一般自我效能感对中介效应的前半段路径起调节作用（B=-5.54,t=-4.00,P<0.001）。结论：积极暗示干预通过降低特质考试焦虑，进而降低状态考试焦虑，其中积极暗示对特质考试焦虑的影响效果受到一般自我效能感的调节。
Abstract：Objective:To explore the intervention effect of positive suggestion on state test anxiety in college students and its underlying mechanism.Methods:A 2(Group:Experimental group,control group)× 4(Measurement time points:Pre-intervention,post-intervention 1,post-intervention 2,and post-intervention 3)mixed design was adopted.Eighty-six college students were randomly assigned to groups(44 in the experimental group and 42 in the control group).The experimental group received positive suggestion intervention,while the control group underwent neutral treatment,with interventions conducted once every two weeks for a total of three interventions.State/trait test anxiety,general self-efficacy,and suggestibility were assessed at multiple time points.Results:(1)Bonferroni post-hoc tests indicated that the state test anxiety scores of the experimental group before intervention were significantly higher than those after the first intervention,the second intervention,and the third intervention(P<0.05)．(2)The change scores of state test anxiety and trait test anxiety(t=2.771,3.369;P<0.05)in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group．(3)The change in trait test anxiety exerted a full mediating effect between group assignment and changes in state test anxiety,with a mediation proportion of 66.43%．(4)General self-efficacy significantly moderated the first-stage path of the mediation effect(B=-5.54,t=-4.00,P<0.001).Conclusion:The positive suggestion intervention reduces state test anxiety by first decreasing trait test anxiety.The effect of positive suggestion on trait test anxiety is moderated by general self-efficacy.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2026.04.024
中图分类号:G444;G645.5
引用信息:
[1]任永亮,蒙莎莎,杜秋雪,等.积极暗示对大学生状态考试焦虑的正向干预：一个有调节的中介模型[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2026,34(04):605-614.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2026.04.024.
基金信息:
北京林业大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目（编号：2024SKQ04）; 技术服务项目“积极故事疗法的临床有效性实证研究”（编号：2024HXFW589）
2025-11-27
2025-11-27
2025-11-27