中国健康心理学杂志

目的：分析住院医师规范化培训（简称住培）学员焦虑和抑郁现状及其影响因素，为促进该群体心理健康提供理论参考。方法：采用整群随机抽样方法，在广西27家三级甲等医院住培基地中随机抽取7家医院，2024年7—12月对7所医院参加住培1年以上的全体学员进行问卷调查，使用单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归模型分析住培学员焦虑、抑郁的影响因素。结果：在1267份有效问卷中，住培学员焦虑症状检出率为18.07%，抑郁症状检出率为21.47%。Logistic回归模型结果显示，户籍为城市（OR=1.483，95%CI:1.065～2.066）、每日工作时长＞8小时（OR=1.816，95%CI:1.230～2.681）、认为收入与工作时长不匹配（OR=1.874，95%CI:1.121～3.132）是住培学员焦虑的危险因素；住培类型为面向社会招收（OR=0.545，95%CI:0.337～0.880）、高心理弹性（OR=0.892，95%CI:0.865～0.92）、高领悟社会支持（OR=0.974，95%CI:0.959～0.989）是住培学员焦虑的保护因素。男性（OR=1.549，95%CI:1.122～2.138）、每周工作天数为7天（OR=1.923，95%CI:1.105～3.346）、每日工作时长＞8小时（OR=1.846，95%CI:1.279～2.663）、认为收入与工作时长不匹配（OR=2.261，95%CI:1.389～3.681）是住培学员抑郁的危险因素；高心理弹性（OR=0.875，95%CI:0.849～0.903）和高领悟社会支持（OR=0.980，95%CI:0.966～0.994）是住培学员抑郁的保护因素。结论：广西住培学员焦虑、抑郁检出率较高，工作时长过长、收入与工作量不匹配是学员焦虑、抑郁影响因素，高心理弹性和高领悟社会支持可降低其发生风险。

Objective：To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression among residents in standardized residency training (SRT)， and to provide a theoretical basis for promoting mental health in this group. Methods：A random sampling method was adopted. Among 27 standardized residency training (SRT) bases in tertiary grade-A hospitals in Guangxi， 7 hospitals were randomly selected. From July to December 2024， a questionnaire survey was conducted among all residents who had participated in the SRT program for more than one year at these hospitals. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the influencing factors of anxiety and depression among the residents. Results：Among 1267 valid questionnaires， the detection rate of anxiety symptoms among resident trainees was 18.07%， and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 21.47%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that having an urban household registration (OR=1.483， 95% CI:1.065–2.066)， working more than 8 hours per day (OR=1.816， 95% CI:1.230–2.681)， and perceiving income as disproportionate to working hours (OR=1.874，95% CI:1.121–3.132) were risk factors for anxiety. Being enrolled through the “social recruitment” pathway (OR=0.545，95% CI:0.337–0.880)， higher psychological resilience (OR=0.892，95%CI: 0.865–0.920)， and greater perceived social support (OR = 0.974， 95% CI: 0.959–0.989) were protective factors against anxiety. Male gender (OR=1.549， 95% CI:1.122–2.138)， working seven days per week (OR=1.923， 95% CI:1.105–3.346)， working more than 8 hours per day (OR=1.846，95%CI:1.279–2.663)， and perceiving income as disproportionate to working hours (OR=2.261，95%CI:1.389–3.681) were risk factors for depression， while higher psychological resilience (OR=0.875， 95%CI: 0.849–0.903) and greater perceived social support (OR=0.980，95%CI: 0.966–0.994) were protective factors against depression. Conclusion：Guangxi resident trainees have a relatively high detection rate of anxiety and depression symptoms. Excessively long working hours and an imbalance between income and workload are influencing factors for anxiety and depression among these trainees. High resilience and high perceived social support can reduce the risk of anxiety and depression in resident trainees.